True Women

By Anne-Charlotte Leffler, first written in 1883.

In this response to A Doll's House from 1880s Sweden, Berta, a young, educated clerk, works to support her family. Her mother, Mrs. Bark, was previously heir to an estate, but the family has been financially ruined by her husband, Mr. Bark, and now lives in a small Stockholm apartment. Mr. Bark's creditors threaten to collect on his gambling debt, and he schemes...

By Anne-Charlotte Leffler, first written in 1883.

In this response to A Doll's House from 1880s Sweden, Berta, a young, educated clerk, works to support her family. Her mother, Mrs. Bark, was previously heir to an estate, but the family has been financially ruined by her husband, Mr. Bark, and now lives in a small Stockholm apartment. Mr. Bark's creditors threaten to collect on his gambling debt, and he schemes to get his wife to release the small fortune that remains in her name so that he can avoid bankruptcy. Meanwhile, Lissi, Berta's sister, has arrived from the countryside to surprise her husband Wilhelm, only to discover that he is having an affair. Berta hatches a plan to permanently pull her mother's fortune out of her father's control, and it is almost complete when Mr. Bark bullies his wife into releasing the money to him. Lissi, coaxed by Wilhelm, returns to her husband, and Berta is left trying to navigate a way forward for herself while the "true women" in her family have succumbed to the power of the patriarchy.

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True Women

Recommended by

  • Kelley Holley: True Women

    This is a wonderful, accessible translation. I taught this version to my theatre history undergraduates, who were really able to sink their teeth into it. I highly recommend it and am thankful that this was made available online!

    This is a wonderful, accessible translation. I taught this version to my theatre history undergraduates, who were really able to sink their teeth into it. I highly recommend it and am thankful that this was made available online!

Character Information

  • BERTA
    An educated, independently-minded "new woman" of the late 19th century. Works nonstop as a freelance clerk to support her father and mother. Intelligent and blunt, deeply loving towards her sister and mother.
    Character Age
    20s-30s
    Character Gender Identity
    Cis female
  • MRS. BARK
    BERTA's mother.
    Character Age
    50s-60s
    Character Gender Identity
    Cis female
  • LISSI
    BERTA's sister.
    Character Age
    20s-30s
  • BARK
    BERTA's father.
    Character Age
    50s-60s
    Character Gender Identity
    Assigned male at birth
  • WILHELM
    LISSI's husband. A government functionary.
    Character Age
    20s-30s
  • LUNDBERG
    BERTA's coworker at the bank. An accountant.
    Character Age
    20s-30s
    Character Gender Identity
    Assigned male at birth